Mini Review 
Nanotechnological Approaches for the Detection of Mycobacteria with Special References to Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis (MAP)
B.J. Stephen, S.V. Singh, Manali Datta, Neelam Jain, Sujata Jayaraman, K.K. Chaubey, S. Gupta, Manju Singh, G.K. Aseri, Neeraj Khare, Parul Yadav, Kuldeep Dhama and J.S. Sohal
Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2015, 10(9), 518-526.
Abstract
Tuberculosis, an infectious bacterial disease that affects the lungs is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). It is the second most infectious disease after AIDS, which can affect both animals and humans. Johne’s Disease (JD) or paratuberculosis caused by in intracellular bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is an incurable wasting disease known to affect a large number of domestic animals and poses serious threat to livestock industries through huge economic losses. Conventional diagnostic methods like enzyme linked immunosorbat assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), cultural isolation are identification for use in MAP detection while sputum smear microscopy and PCR techniques remain the gold standards for TB detection despite advancement in pathogen detection most of these diagnostic methods are time consuming and have low efficacy and this become a heavy burden to developing and underdeveloped countries. When nanoscale particles are used as tags or labels, measuring the activity or presence of an analyte becomes faster, flexible and highly sensitive. These advantages nanomaterials possess, research have now focused their attention to nanotechnology based detection. Though research have shown these test to be more sensitive, less laboratorious and less time consuming, more needs to be done to introduce point of care diagnostics into the global market. This review highlights the prospects of nanotechnology based diagnostic tests as valuable alternative for rapid detection of this economically important pathogen with high accuracy and precision.
ASCI-ID: 13-758
Similar Articles
Entamoeba histolytica Infections in a King Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus rex): A First Case Report
Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2011, 6(10), 1026-1030.
Evaluation of Serum Proteins in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with Abomasal UlcerAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2012, 7(3), 277-282.
Coronavirus Infection in Equines: A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(3), 164-176.
Foamy Viruses Affecting Animals and Humans and their Public Health Concerns: A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(2), 107-122.
Equine encephalosis virus (EEV): A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(2), 123-133.
Toroviruses Affecting Animals and Humans: A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(3), 190-201.
Strategies for Combating and Eradicating Important Infectious Diseases of Animals with Particular Reference to India: Present and Future PerspectivesAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(2), 77-106.
Powassan virus (POWV) Infection in Animals and Humans: A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(3), 177-189.
Insights into Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), Various Approaches for its Diagnosis, Control and its Public Health Concerns: An UpdateAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(6), 323-344.
Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by Culture and Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in BovinesAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(8), 506-512.
Comparison of Single Intradermal Test, Gamma Interferon Assay and Indirect ELISA for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in a Dairy FarmAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(9), 593-598.
Q Fever in Domestic Small RuminantAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2016, 11(1), 1-8.
Chlamydophila abortus Infection in Small Ruminants: A ReviewAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2016, 11(10), 587-593.
Diagnosis of Pneumonic Pasteurellosis in Buffalo Calves with Reference to the Role of Vitamin DAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2016, 11(12), 783-793.
Sonography of Polypoid Lesions of the Gallbladder in DogAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2018, 13(1), 96-100.
Chemical and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Mycobacterial BiofilmsAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2015, 10(10), 592-622.
Treatment of Tuberculosis using Ethno-medicinal Plants of Amarkantak RegionAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2018, 13(1), 52-60.
Pathobiology of Spontaneous and Experimental Paratuberculosis (S-5 strain) in Goats with Special Reference to Early LesionsAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014, 9(8), 467-478.
Plants as Future Source of Anti-Mycobacterial Molecules and Armour for Fighting Drug ResistanceAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2015, 10(9), 443-460.
Nanotechnology Based Therapeutics, Drug Delivery Mechanisms and Vaccination approaches for Countering Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) Associated DiseasesAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2015, 10(12), 830-842.
Development of New ‘Indigenous Dot-ELISA Kit’ as Sensitive Field Based Herd Screening Test for the Diagnosis of Johne’s Disease in the Domestic Buffalo PopulationAsian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2016, 11(1), 44-52.
Cited By
‘Nano-immuno test’ for the detection of live Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis bacilli in the milk samples using magnetic nano-particles and chromogen
Veterinary Research Communications, 2018, (), . DOI: 10.1007/s11259-018-9721-5