In vitro Plant Regeneration from Callus of Hypocotyls and Cotyledonary Explants in Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun), Yellow Dodolla Cultivar

Research Article
In vitro Plant Regeneration from Callus of Hypocotyls and Cotyledonary Explants in Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun), Yellow Dodolla Cultivar

Getachew Tafere Abrha, Firew Mekbib and Belayneh Admassu

Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013, 12(6-8), 262-270.

Abstract

Brassica carinata A. Braun is an amphi-diploid species that originated from interspecific hybridization between B. nigra and B. oleracea in the highlands of Ethiopia. The crop has many desirable agronomic traits. Conventional propagation alone was not successful enough in Brassica due to high degree of segregation upon cross-pollination. Size and type of explants affect in vitro response and are limiting factors. Hence, the objective of this study was to establish an in vitro regeneration and propagation protocol. The explants were tested for callus induction, shoot and root regeneration in MS medium with 3% sucrose and 6% agar under different concentrations of PGRs including NAA, 2, 4-D, BAP. Cotyledon was the most responsive for callus induction at a higher rate in short period of time. The highest frequencies of callus growth were observed 80.7% from hypocotyl, 95% from cotyledon with 0.5 mg L^-1 2, 4-D. Two types of calli were obtained: White and friable callus with large cells; green and compact callus with smaller cells. For shoot induction, successful shoot regeneration from white/friable callus was achieved at 2 mg L^-1 of BAP. Maximum shoot induction was recorded in the hypocotyl (90%) with 2 mg L^-1 of BAP. Highest percentage of shoot with root (98.7%) and highest mean number of roots per shoot (9 cm) occurred on medium with 0.3 mg IBA while the maximum root length (4.7 cm) was attained on the free hormone. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized in potting medium containing a mixture of 25% sand: 50% red soil: 25% compost on acclimatization pots (1:2:1).

ASCI-ID: 7-1676

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