Research Article 
Potential of a Wild Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma Sp., as Feed Supplement in Chicken Diet: Effect on Performance and Health of Pullets
A.O. Ogbe, U. Ditse, I. Echeonwu, K. Ajodoh, S.E. Atawodi and P.A. Abdu
International Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(11), 1052-1057.
Abstract
Proximate and chemical composition of a wild mushroom, Ganoderma sp was evaluated. The phytochemical analysis showed it contained carbohydrates and reducing sugars, steroids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and resins. Proximate analysis revealed crude protein (13.3%±0.2), crude fibre (34.7%±6.4), fats (2.6%±0.3), calcium (0.4%±0.1) and phosphorus (0.3%±0.0). Acidic amino acids (glutamic and aspartic acid) (6.2 g%±1.4 and 5.6 g%± 0.1) and sulphur containing amino acids (cystine and methionine) (1.5 g%±1.3 and 0.7 g%±0.1) were also detected. Of all the essential amino acids detected in the mushroom, leucine was higher (5.3 g%±0.9), followed by phenylalanine (3.7 g%±0.5), alanine (3.3 g%±0.1), isoleucine (3.1g%±0.1), valine (3.0 g%±0.2), lysine (3.0 g%±0.6) and threonine (2.0 g%±0.1). Histidine (1.7 g%±0.3) and methionine (0.7 g%±0.1) were the least. Supplemented diets showed higher leucine content followed by phenylalanine, alanine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, threonine, histidine and methionine. Pullets fed these diets showed improved performance in weight gain and health. The physical qualities of eggs laid by the birds were not affected. Although, feed intake did not show significant difference in all the groups (p>0.05) but the feed to gain ratio was better in A (3.3) and B (3.4) than C (3.5) and D (3.6). This showed supplementation with the mushroom resulted in better feed efficiency and the effect is dose dependent. It was concluded that this mushroom can be a valuable source of feed supplement to improve performance and health.
ASCI-ID: 101-1253
Similar Articles
Comparison of Immune Responses of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) Hyper-and Hypo-responsive Genotypes of Chickens
International Journal of Poultry Science, 2003, 2(5), 280-286.
Immunmilk® Feeding Increases Growth and Immune Responses in Broiler ChicksInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2004, 3(5), 305-312.
The Relation Between Diet, Plasma Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis in Pigeons, Quails and ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2004, 3(11), 671-684.
Relationships Between the Intake of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Hens and the Fatty Acid Composition of Their EggsInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2004, 3(11), 690-696.
Sero-Prevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection of Chickens in Model Breeder Poultry Farms of BangladeshInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2005, 4(1), 32-35.
Influence of Antibiotics Treatment on Hematological Aspect in ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2005, 4(5), 323-325.
External Treatment of Broiler Chickens with Lactic-Acid-Producing Bacteria Before SlaughterInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2005, 4(12), 944-946.
Evaluation of the Immunogenisity of Immune Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine Delivered In ovo to Embryonated Eggs or Subcutaneously to Day-Old ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(1), 70-74.
Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Chicken Blood Leukocytes in Chronic OchratoxicosisInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(2), 191-194.
Hepatic CYP Isoforms and Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Broiler ChicksInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(2), 104-111.
Berberis vulgaris as Growth Promoter in Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(4), 395-397.
Influence of Supplemental Dried Whey on Broiler Performance and Cecal FloraInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(6), 538-543.
Effect of Human Menopausal Gonadotropin on Haematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Nigerian Indigenous ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(7), 632-634.
The Role of Chickens in Vitamin DiscoveriesInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(8), 704-707.
Replacement Value of Soybean Meal with Rapeseed Meal Supplemented with or Without a Dietary NSP-Dgrading Enzyme on Performance, Carcass Traits and Thyroid Hormones of Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2006, 5(10), 932-937.
Assessment of Partial Equi-Protein Replacement of Soyabean Meal with Cassava and Leucaena Leaf Meals in the Diets of Broiler Chicken FinishersInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(4), 408-413.
Haematological and Serum Biochemical Indices of Naked Neck and Normally Feathered Nigerian Indigenous Chickens in a Sub Humid Tropical EnvironmentInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(1), 55-58.
Association Between Coccidia and Intestinal Helminths in Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(1), 36-39.
Pathological Studies of A / Chicken / Tehran / ZMT - 173/99 (H9N2) Influenza Virus in Commercial Broiler Chickens of IranInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(5), 502-510.
Haematological and Biochemical Changes in Japanese Quails Coturnix coturnix Japonica and Chickens Due to Ascaridia galli InfectionInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(7), 704-710.
Characterization of Poultry Production Systems in VietnamInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(10), 709-712.
Evaluation of Alternative Host Bacteria as Vehicles for Oral Administration of BacteriophagesInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(10), 758-761.
Effects of Feeding High Tryptophan GM-Rice on Growth Performance of ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(7), 524-526.
In ovo Vaccine Against Infectious Bursal DiseaseInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(11), 770-775.
Evaluation of in Ovo Delivery System for Plasmid DNA VaccinationInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(11), 776-783.
Development and Evaluation of an in ovo Plasmid DNA Vaccine Against Infectious Bursal Disease VirusInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(11), 784-791.
Quantification of Teratological Effects of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated from Commercial Poultry in PakistanInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2007, 6(12), 866-870.
Impact of Avian Influenza in Some States of NigeriaInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2008, 7(9), 913-916.
Possible Effect of Antibiotic-Supplemented Feed and Environment on the Occurrence of Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli in ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(1), 28-31.
New Approach for the Incidence of Ascites Syndrome in Broiler Chickens and Management Control the Metabolic DisordersInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(1), 90-98.
Effect of Prior Passage Through Laying Hens on Invasion of Reproductive Organs by Salmonella enteritidisInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(2), 116-121.
Presence of Interferon-Gamma and IL-2 in Supernatants of Salmonella enteritidis-Immune LymphokinesInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(9), 820-823.
The In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Tiamulin and Tilmicosin for the Treatment of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infected Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(12), 1189-1198.
Comparative Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamic Modeling on Three Brands of 10% Enrofloxacin Oral Formulations in Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2010, 9(3), 273-277.
Frequency and Magnitude of Internal Organ Colonization Following Exposure of Laying Hens to Different Oral Doses of Salmonella enteritidisInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2011, 10(4), 325-331.
Evaluation of Quebracho Red Wood (Schinopsis lorentzii) Polyphenolic Vegetable Extract for the Reduction of Coccidiosis in Broiler ChicksInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2011, 10(5), 344-349.
Frequency and Persistence of Fecal Shedding Following Exposure of Laying Hens to Different Oral Doses of Salmonella enteritidisInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2011, 10(10), 750-756.
Effect of an Aspergillus Meal Prebiotic on Salmonella Infection in Turkeys and Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2011, 10(12), 946-951.
Effect of Organic Acids on Salmonella Typhimurium Infection in Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2013, 12(2), 72-75.
Production Practices, Constraints and Performance in Traditional Chicken Breeding in ChadInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2013, 12(6), 367-376.
Multidrug Resistant Pasteurella multocida Strains Isolated from Chickens with Cases of Fowl Cholera in Jos, NigeriaInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2013, 12(10), 596-600.
Prevalence and Distribution of Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera) in Free Range Chickens from the Traditional Rearing System in the Algerian North East, Area of El-TarfInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2013, 12(12), 721-725.
Comparative Study of the Pathology and Pathogenesis of a Local Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Ducks and ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2014, 13(1), 52-61.
Genetic Relatedness among Helicobacter pullorum Isolates from Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2014, 13(4), 240-245.
Experimental Velogenic Newcastle Disease Can Be Very Severe and Viscerotropic in Chickens but Moderate and Neurotropic in Guinea FowlsInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2014, 13(10), 582-590.
Comparative Effects of Various Forms of Selenium on Thioredoxin Reductase Activity in Broiler ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2015, 14(7), 376-382.
Prevalence of Gastro-Intestinal Parasites in Chickens Sold in Some Major Markets in Greater Accra, GhanaInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2016, 15(8), 335-342.
Virulence Associated Genes and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Salmonella Species Isolated from ChickensInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2017, 16(8), 303-309.
Effects of Areca catechu Seed and Anredera cordifolia Leaf on Ascaridia galli Infection in the Domestic Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)International Journal of Poultry Science, 2017, 16(12), 494-499.
Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Egg Type Chicken During Juvenile GrowthInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2018, 17(4), 154-159.
Effects of Copper Sulfate on Productive, Reproductive Performance and Blood Constituents of Laying Japanese Quail Fed Optimal and Sub-Optimal ProteinInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2009, 8(1), 80-89.
Effect of Including Some Insects as Feed Supplement on Broilers Reared in ZimbabweInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 2014, 13(1), 42-46.
Cited By
Chemical Composition of Vietnamese Black Lingzhi Amauroderma subresinosum Murr
Research Journal of Phytochemistry, 2011, 5(4), 216. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.216.221
Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant Potential of Wild Ganoderma Species from GhanaMolecules, 2017, 22(12), 196. DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020196
Role of Mushroom as Dietary Supplement on Performance of PoultryJournal of Dietary Supplements, 2018, (), 1. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1472707
Research on Edible Fungi and Algae as Feed SupplementAdvanced Materials Research, 2012, 518-523(), 608. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.518-523.608
Use of Medicinal Mushrooms in Layer RationAnimals, 2019, 9(12), 1014. DOI: 10.3390/ani9121014
Industrially Important Fungi for Sustainable DevelopmentFungal Biology, 2021, (), 295. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_9
Efficient biomass-endopolysaccharide production from an identified wild-Serbian Ganoderma applanatum strain BGS6Ap mycelium in a controlled submerged fermentationBiocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2021, 37(), 102166. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102166