Research Article 
Hepatitis C and B Viruses Among Some High Risk Groups of Egyptian Children
Manal E. Kandil, Maha A. Rasheed and Nevine E. Saad
Journal of Medical Sciences, 2007, 7(8), 1259-1267.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs) among some high risk groups of Egyptian children and its effect on liver functions. We clinically examined 100 children who were classified into 4 groups; group 1:34 children with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), group 2:31 children having Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) on regular hemodialysis, group 3:15 patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and group 4:20 control healthy children. Anti-HCV antibodies, HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies were detected in all children using ELISA technique. Anti-HCV seropositivity was found in 15 (44.1%) diabetic children, 16 (51.6%) CRF patients, 6 (40%) SLE patients and in one (5%) healthy child (p< 0.05). One CRF patient was seropositive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV and simultaneously was anti-HBs seronegative. Ten CRF patients were anti-HBs seropositive. Two SLE patients were HBsAg seropositive and anti-HBs seronegative; one of them was also anti-HCV seropositive. Five SLE patients were anti-HBs seropositive. Comparing anti-HCV seropositive patients versus seronegatives of the three patients groups revealed that, disease duration, dialysis duration, AST and ALT were significantly increased only in anti-HCV seropositive versus seronegative CRF patients (p< 0.05). In conclusion a significantly high anti-HCV seroprevalence was found in IDDM, CRF and SLE children with risk of chronic liver disease development suggesting the need of more stringent measures for prevention of HCV transmission with implementation of education programs identifying risk factors associated with inappropriate therapeutic modalities, periodic HCV screening and hepatitis B vaccination with booster inoculations to previously vaccinated children.
ASCI-ID: 41-771
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