Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA (LAMP): A New Diagnostic Tool Lights the World of Diagnosis of Animal and Human Pathogens: A Review

Review Article
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA (LAMP): A New Diagnostic Tool Lights the World of Diagnosis of Animal and Human Pathogens: A Review

Kuldeep Dhama, K. Karthik, Sandip Chakraborty, Ruchi Tiwari, Sanjay Kapoor, Amit Kumar and Prasad Thomas

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2014, 17(2), 151-166.

Abstract

Diagnosis is an important part in case of animal husbandry as treatment of a disease depends on it. Advancement in molecular biology has generated various sophisticated tools like Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), its versions along with pen-side diagnostic techniques. Every diagnostic test however has both advantages and disadvantages; PCR is not an exception to this statement. To ease the odds faced by PCR several non-PCR techniques which can amplify DNA at a constant temperature has become the need of hour, thus generating a variety of isothermal amplification techniques including Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) along with Self-Sustained Sequence Replication (3SR) and Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test. LAMP stands out to be a good and effective diagnostic test for empowering in developing countries as it does not require sophisticated equipments and skilled personnel and proves to be cost-effective. Performance of LAMP mainly relies on crafting of six primers (including 2 loop primers) ultimately accelerating the reaction. LAMP amplifies DNA in the process pyrophosphates are formed causing turbidity that facilitates visualisation in a more effective way than PCR. The Bst and Bsm polymerase are the required enzymes for LAMP that does not possess 5'-3' exonuclease activity. Results can be visualized by adding DNA binding dye, SYBR green. LAMP is more stable than PCR and real-time PCR. Non-involvement of template DNA preparation and ability to generate 10⁹ copies of DNA are added benefits that make it more effective than NASBA or 3SR and SDA. Thus, it fetches researcher’s interest in developing various versions of LAMP viz., its combination with lateral flow assay or micro LAMP and more recently lyophilized and electric (e) LAMP. Availability of ready to use LAMP kits has helped diagnosis of almost all pathogens. LAMP associated technologies however needs to be developed as a part of LAMP platform rather than developing them as separate entities. This review deals with all these salient features of this newly developed tool that has enlightened the world of diagnosis.

ASCI-ID: 1-6229

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Efficacy of Levobupivacaine Versus Levobupivacaine Plus Dexmedetomidine Infiltration for Post-Tonsillectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2022, 2022(), 1. DOI: 10.1155/2022/9958668

Experimental study on firebrick powder-based cementitious composites under the effect of elevated temperature

Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 61(), 105277. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105277

Analysis of technical efficiency of dry season rice production in saline and non-saline areas of Bangladesh

Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 316(), 115256. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115256

Deploying two-stage anaerobic process to co-digest greasy sludge and waste activated sludge for effective waste treatment and biogas recovery

Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 316(), 115307. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115307

Recent advancements in the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using anaerobic biofilm reactors: Challenges and future perspectives

Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 320(), 115750. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115750

Changes in the microbiota during biological treatment of palm oil mill waste: A critical review

Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 320(), 115772. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115772

Academic Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Research of Invention Commercialisation

Central European Business Review, 2021, 10(4), 33. DOI: 10.18267/j.cebr.265

Identification, molecular docking, and kinetic studies of six novel angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2022, 220(), 1512. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.142

Development of a protocol for the elimination of Cyrtanthus elatus virus-A from Narcissus tazetta by in vitro chemotherapy in combination with electrotherapy

Journal of Virological Methods, 2022, 300(), 114368. DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114368

Elimination of BBTV via a systemic in vitro electrotherapy approach

Journal of Virological Methods, 2022, 300(), 114367. DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114367

Holothuria tubulosa as a bioindicator to analyse metal pollution on the coast of Alicante (Spain)

Journal of Sea Research, 2023, 192(), 102364. DOI: 10.1016/j.seares.2023.102364

Engineering of a core-shell polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin fibrous scaffold for dual delivery of Thymus daenensis essential oil and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. extract as an antibacterial and functional wound dressing

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2023, 81(), 104282. DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104282

Design and performance prediction of selective laser melted porous structure for femoral stem

Materials Today Communications, 2023, 34(), 104987. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104987