Research Article 
Gender Differences of Body Mass Index in Adults of Pakistan: A Case Study of Multan City
Muhammad Aslam, Aamir Saeed, G.R. Pasha and Saima Altaf
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010, 9(2), 162-166.
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic health problem worldwide that can result in many serious and sometimes, fatal diseases. It is very important to study such prevalence in developing countries, like Pakistan where people cannot afford the medical tolls, additionally, added to their non-meeting budgets, due to problems of obesity. The present study addresses the same issue by taking into account of 2000 adults from Multan city as case study of Pakistan. Although many of similar studies have also been carried out in the region but the present study evaluates the obesity prevalence according to recommendations of World Health Organization that in Asia Pacific Region, a person is considered to be overweight if BMI > 23 rather BMI > 25 and to be obese if BMI > 25 rather than if BMI > 30. According to this new definition, we report that more than 46% people are overweight (18.95%) and obese (27.85%). The percentage of normal people is just 28.65 while 24.55% are underweight. We report the mean MBI to be 22.87±0.086 (S.E), males have 13 kg more weight as compared to that of females have and males are more than 5 inches taller as compared to females, on the average. It is noted that mean BMI of males (23.51±0.11) and mean BMI of females (22.05±0.133) are different significantly. We find that 55.12% among males and 36.15% among females are either overweight or obese. The percentile plot of the data also displays the similar picture. We further report that married people are three times obese as compared to unmarried ones.
ASCI-ID: 100-1138
Similar Articles
Islamic Fasting: An Effective Strategy for Prevention and Control of Obesity
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2002, 1(4), 185-187.
Prevalence of Obesity in the Employees of Universities, Health and Research Institutions of PeshawarPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 2(3), 182-188.
Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity - An Over ViewPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 2(6), 350-360.
Prevalence and Etiology of Obesity - An OverviewPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 3(1), 14-25.
Physical Activity and Balanced Diet: Basic Parameters to Prevent Obesity and Serum Cholesterol ElevationPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 3(3), 193-196.
Prevention and Treatment of Obesity - An Over ViewPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 3(5), 310-317.
Overweight and Obesity among School-Aged Children of Metropolitan Tehran, IranPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2005, 4(5), 342-344.
The Relationship Between Caloric Beverage Consumption and Body Mass Index in Turkish University StudentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 7(2), 202-207.
Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Body Composition and Selected Biochemical Parameters in Obese WomenPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 7(4), 546-549.
Awareness of Obesity and its Health Hazard among Women in a University CommunityPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2007, 6(5), 502-505.
Prevalence of Underweight: A Matter of Concern among Adolescents in Osun State, NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2008, 7(3), 503-508.
Association Between Socioeconomic Factors and Obesity in IranPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8(1), 53-56.
Iron Deficiency Anemia in School Children of Dera Ismail Khan, PakistanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8(3), 259-263.
Body Composition, its Significance and Models for AssessmentPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8(2), 198-202.
Supplementation of Whole Grain on Body Weight and Lipid Profile in Obese Females of Various Ethnic Groups in Balochistan, PakistanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8(11), 1766-1772.
Median Regression Analysis of Body Mass Index of Adults in PakistanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010, 9(6), 611-615.
Sonographic Assessment of the Abdominal Wall Thickness in Primary School Children of Dera Ismail Khan, PakistanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 10(1), 60-64.
Prevalence of Obesity among Undergraduate Students of Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-OdePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 10(10), 940-946.
Construction of Growth Charts of Body Mass Index for Adults in Pakistan: A Quantile Regression ApproachPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 10(12), 1179-1182.
Metabolic and Histological Effects of Different Polyunsaturated Fat Types in the Diet: Omega-3 and Omega-6Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 11(4), 313-321.
The Relationship Between Fast Food Consumption and BMI among University Female StudentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 11(5), 406-410.
Dietary Intake Assessment in Adults and its Association with Weight Status and Dental CariesPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 11(11), 1066-1072.
Prevalence of Obesity and Some Related Attributes among Umm Al-Qura University Female Students in Makkah, Saudi ArabiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2013, 12(3), 275-284.
Obesity and Body Image Discrepancy among School Adolescents in Ile-Ife, Osun State, NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2013, 12(4), 377-381.
Dietary Intakes of Urban Adolescents of Sialkot, Pakistan Do Not Meet the Standards of AdequacyPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2013, 12(5), 460-467.
Lipid Profiles and Blood Pressure among Worker Women, Its Correlation with Risk Factor of Coronary Heart DiseasePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2013, 12(9), 806-810.
Obesity and Hypertension among Adolescents in Jakarta, IndonesiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 13(1), 17-21.
Updates of Overweight and Obesity Status and Their Consequences in PalestinePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 13(2), 116-121.
Factors That Affect Body Mass Index of AdultsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 13(5), 255-260.
Nutrition and Weight Management Knowledge, Dietary Intake and Body Weight Status in Iranian Postgraduate Students in Universiti Putra MalaysiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 13(6), 351-358.
Double Burden of Malnutrition in Morocco Coexistence of Anemia and Obesity among Women of Childbearing Age in the Prefecture of Oujda-AngadPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 13(12), 774-779.
Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children in Port Harcourt, NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2015, 14(4), 209-213.
Effect of the Antioxidant Drinks Intervention on Immunoglobulin G in Adults ObesityPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2015, 14(5), 274-283.
Pattern of BMI Percentiles among Adolescents in a Semi-Urban Community in South-Western NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2015, 14(9), 570-574.
Correlation Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Fasting Total Blood Cholesterol Level among Undergraduate StudentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(9), 873-877.
Eating Habits, Activity Pattern and Socioeconomic Factors That Affect the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Urban Areas of Enugu State, NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(3), 288-294.
Correlation Between Body Fat Percentage (BFP) and Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) in Javanese Women Aged 40-60 Years Old in Sleman, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(3), 260-263.
Antiobesity Effect of Peripheral Exendin-4 and/or Exercise in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57bl/6 MicePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(4), 379-385.
Effect of Modified Diet and Exercise on Insulin Level in Diabetes Mellitus Type-2 PatientsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(4), 370-373.
Effect of Family Empowerment Modified Model to a Family’s Ability in Controlling Life Style and Physical Activity of Children with Overweight and ObesityPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(8), 737-744.
Relative Validity of Administered Indonesian Version of the Short-Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) among Obese Adolescent Girl PopulationPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(9), 816-820.
Evaluation of Oxidant-antioxidant Status in Obese Children and AdolescentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(10), 942-947.
Effect of International and Indonesian Fast Foods on Plasma Ghrelin and Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Levels, Hunger and Satiety Scores is Similar in Obese AdultsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(1), 38-44.
Validity of Self-reported Weight, Height and Body Mass Index Among College Students in Indonesia: Consequences for the Assessment of ObesityPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(2), 51-60.
Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Inflammation Marker in Obese Children: A Quasi-experimental StudyPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(3), 187-192.
Phenotype Development of Long Tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) Fed Obese DietPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(5), 364-371.
Behind the Image: An Investigation of Greek Firefighter’s Body Mass IndexPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(7), 525-530.
Preliminary Study: Sugar-sweetened Beverages (SSBs) Consumption Correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI)Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(1), 33-37.
Effect of Sukun Leaf Extract [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] on Insulin Resistance in Obese Rats (Rattus norvegicus): A Study of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) LevelsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(7), 521-524.
Nutritional Status, Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure among Primary Schoolchildren in Urban West Java, IndonesiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 16(10), 770-775.
Use of Herbal Remedies, Conventional Medicine, Diet and Exercise for Weight Loss: Case Study of University Students in JordanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 17(2), 76-88.
Obesity Increases Blood Pressure in North-African Elderly SubjectsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 17(3), 152-155.
Relationship between a Pro-thrombotic State and Anthropometric Parameters in Young Saudi Females: A Preliminary StudyPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 17(3), 146-151.
Nutritional Status of the Temiar Orang Asli Community in Kuala Betis, Gua Musang, KelantanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 17(7), 311-318.
Association of Fat Mass and Obesity-associated rs9939609 Polymorphisms and Eating Behaviour and Food Preferences in Adolescent Minangkabau GirlsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 17(10), 471-479.
Evidence-Based Therapeutic Effects of Anthocyanins from FoodsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(1), 1-11.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among Undergraduate Students in a Public University in MalaysiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(4), 354-363.
Fat Intake is Associated with Nutritional Status in Minangkabau Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional StudyPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(4), 387-390.
Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks Among Saudi Adults: Assessing Patterns and Identifying Influencing Factors Using Principal Component AnalysisPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(5), 401-407.
Obesity, Body Measurements and Health: A ReviewPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(9), 805-809.
Analysis of Triglyceride and High-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Overweight AdolescentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(8), 778-782.
Nutritional Status of Adolescent Schoolchildren In South East NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(9), 845-851.
The Effect of Family-Based Empowerment on Obesity among Adolescents in Tana TorajaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(9), 866-872.
The Effect of the Implementation of a Planned Peer Group Session Model on Obesity Prevention Among Students of an Integrated Islamic Primary School in MakassarPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(9), 882-887.
Comparison of Several Prediction Equations Using Skinfold Thickness for Estimating Percentage Body Fat in 12-15-year-old Indonesian ChildrenPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(10), 922-929.
Mindful Eating Practice Predicts Lower Body Mass Index Among University StudentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 18(10), 977-982.
Impact of Breakfast Counselling and 6 Days of Breakfast on the Nutritional Status and Knowledge of Middle School Students in Berastagi, IndonesiaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 19(1), 12-18.
Obesity and Hypertension among Nigerians with Impaired Fasting GlucosePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 19(6), 266-270.
The Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Patients with a High Body Mass Index: An Evidence-Based Case ReportPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 19(10), 460-467.
Association of Increasing Age-Specific Breast Cancer Incidence Rates with Drinking Habits but Not Obesity Prevalence, Based on National Data in JapanPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 19(11-12), 529-534.
Pattern of Risk Factors Clustering Among Diabetes, Hypertension, Chronic Kidney Disease and Apparently Healthy Subjects with the Metabolic SyndromePakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2021, 20(4), 112-118.
Actualizing Sustainable Development Goal Using Meal Replacement Diet to Improve Health StatusPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2021, 20(4), 135-140.
Correlation Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR) among Undergraduate StudentsPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 15(7), 618-624.
Relationship of Waist Circumference, Waist Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index as Predictors of Obesity in Adult NigeriansPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 10(1), 15-18.
Lower Level of Physical Activity Predisposes Iranian Adolescent Girls to Obesity and its Metabolic ConsequencesPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2011, 10(8), 728-734.
Prevalence of Stunting, Underweight and Obesity in School Aged Children in Uyo, NigeriaPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010, 9(5), 459-466.
Factors Affecting High School Overweight Students in Pattani Province of ThailandPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2006, 5(2), 125-129.
Indicators and Nutritional Outcomes of Household Food Insecurity among a Sample of Rural Malaysian WomenPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 3(1), 50-55.
Prevalence of Obesity in Male in Relation to Dietary Intake and Physical Activity LevelPakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 2(4), 234-237.