Research Article
Characterization of Callogenic and Embryogenic Abilities of Some Genotypes of Cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L.) Under Selection in Cote d`Ivoire

Auguste Emmanuel Issali, Abdoulaye Traore, Edmond Kouablan Koffi, Jeanne Andi Kohi N`goran and Abdourahamane Sangare

Biotechnology, 2008, 7(1), 51-58.

Abstract

To optimize the somatic embryogenesis, a characterization in vitro by an improved process of some cocoa genotypes was undertaken. Six hybrids, five parents and two clones as control were used. Staminodes and petals were cultured on three primary callus growth media (PCG) differing in hormonal balance 2.4-D/TDZ. Two primary descriptors (callogenic and embryogenic explant number) and three secondary descriptors (general abilities, favourable explants and PCG media) were used to characterize studied genotypes. The separate characterization of factors from two primary descriptors, allowed identifying of four hybrids (L233-A4, L231-A4, L120-A2 and L126-A3), three parents (P19A, Pa13 and IMC67) and two control clones (C151-61 and SCA6) as both callogenic and embryogenic. Petals proved to be the best embryogenic explant. PCG1 medium was both callogenic and embryogenic. The improved characterization by combination of factors from primary descriptors generated three secondary descriptors. This combination of factors allowed refining the characterization by identifying not only the best explant but also the best medium for expression of each genotype. The approach used here allows an accurate characterization of genotype and might be helpful in the regeneration in plantlets of superior genotypes of cocoa.

ASCI-ID: 11-363

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