Research Article 
Flowering and Fruiting Behavior of Long Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
O.O. Idowu-Agida, D.J. Ogunniyan and E.O. Ajayi
International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 2012, 6(4), 228-237.
Abstract
Variability in crop traits creates options for breeders to develop improved cultivars. Many landraces of long cayenne pepper exist in Nigeria but none is recommended for cultivation. Collection, screening and conservation of landraces are therefore vital for the crop improvement. An experiment was carried out at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Nigeria, Latitude 7°22' N Longitude 3°58' E from April 2008 to March 2009 to investigate the extent of variation in reproductive pattern, reproduce-ability and morphology of flowers, fruits and seeds so as to determine markers suitable for pepper improvement. Seeds of long cayenne pepper collected from 25 locations in Southwestern Nigeria were extracted from the fruits, air-dried, bulked and packaged as accession from each location. Six week old seedlings of the pepper were transplanted into 3.6x2.4 m seed beds that were 1 m apart. The plants were spaced 60x60 cm. Plants of the first trial were rainfed; and of the second, were irrigated twice a week when rain stopped. Observations were on flower, fruit and seed traits. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance combined, across the two trials and means significant were separated by Least Significant Difference. A wide diversity existed within the pepper species on flowering and fruiting pattern. Fruit wall thickness and pedicel length were suggested as morphological markers, number of fruit/plant and seed/fruit; not 1000-seed weight were suitable as markers to select variants for pepper improvement. Any of fruit length, fruit width and days to flowering and fruiting was efficient only when employed together with other markers. Time of cultivation had significant effect on days to first and 50% flowering and fruiting, fruit pedicel length, fruit/plant and fruit weight/plant; but not on fruit length, width and fruit wall thickness; number of seed/plant and 1000 seed weight.
ASCI-ID: 39-106
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