Research Article 
Crude Artichoke Extract’s Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Autophagy-Promoting Effects on the Cancer Cell Line SH-SY5Y
Sana Razhan M. Alsubaiei, Hanan A. Alfawaz, Musarat Amina, Ramesa Shafi Bhat, Abir Ben Bacha and Afaf El-Ansary
International Journal of Pharmacology, 2024, 20(5), 806-816.
Abstract
Background and Objective: In this study, the impact of various concentrations of Cynara scolymus ethanol extract was explored on mitigating drug resistance in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, despite aggressive multimodal therapy yielding a poor prognosis for patients. The primary objective was to investigate the effects of C. scolymus ethanol extract on cell survival and to examine autophagy as a potential mechanism influencing tumor and cell resilience to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: The C. scolymus extract was diluted with the cultivation medium for testing against SH-SY5Y cell lines. Cell survival was evaluated using the MTT cell proliferation assay, with extract concentration ranging from 50 to 200 μg/mL. The GC-Mass analysis identified 28 components which were phenolic while 13 flavonoids and its several sub-classes were also identified. Antioxidants, proinflammatory markers and the autophagy marker LC3 were measured using a flow cytometer. Results: A significant increase in TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-1B in SH-SY5Y NB cell line compared to normal cells. Cynara scolymus extract showed dose-independent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-1B in treated cells are notably lower than those in untreated cells. Cynara scolymus extract has anti-oxidant properties in a manner that is independent of time and dose. This increase in the LC3 autophagy marker suggests a distinct process, indicating a partial departure from dependence on mTOR inhibition. Conclusion: Cynara scolymus extract has the potential to reduce drug resistance in SH-SY5Y cells by leveraging its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, coupled with an impact on autophagy presenting it as a safe anticarcinogenic agent.
ASCI-ID: 23-2031
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